Computer
A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes the data, stores the data, or gives out meaningful information as output.
A computer is a machine that works with information. Computers can quickly create information, put it in order, and store it.
A computer is made up of Hardware and Software.
Hardware
This is the physical part of the computer that can be seen and touched. It includes machines that can be attached to the computer.
Software
These are parts of the computer that cannot be touched. Software is a general term for the programs that control the computer system.
Types of Computers
- Personal computers
- Mainframes
- Embedded computers
- Dedicated computers
Parts of the Computer
- Microprocessor
- Memory chips
- Disk drives
- Keyboards
- Mouse
- Speakers, etc.
Characteristics of Computers
- Speed
- Accuracy
- Storage
- Versatility
- Automation
- Reliability
Classes of Computers
- Analog Computers
- Digital Computers
Analog Computers
In analogue devices, numbers are represented by analogous physical quantities, such as distance or electronic voltage.
Examples of analog computers
- Mercury thermometer
- Clocks
- Watches
- Dial speedometer
Digital Computers
In digital devices, quantities are represented in digits.
Examples of digital computers
- Digital speedometers
- Digital clocks
- Thermometers
Computing Process
- Input
- Processing
- Output
- Storage
Input Devices
Input devices are peripherals used to enter data into computer memory or to give instructions to the computer to enable it to do a specific job.
Examples of Input devices
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Trackball
Output Devices
Output devices handle the information that comes out of the computer. They are activated by instructions within the program or instructions provided by the users.
Examples of output devices
- Monitors
- Printers
- Speakers
Storage Devices
Since a computer may not hold data that must be stored and accessed, auxiliary storage is very important. It enables the computer to store information held in RAM before the computer is turned off.
Examples of storage devices
- Floppy disk
- Hard disk
- CD-ROM
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